Обратный осмос удаляет загрязняющие вещества из нефильтрованной воды, или Питательная вода, when pressure fилиces it through a полупроницаемая мембрана. Water flows from the mилиe concentrated side (mилиe contaminants) of the RO membrane to the less concentrated side (fewer contaminants) to provide clean drinking water. The fresh water produced is called the проникать. Концентрированная оставшаяся вода называется отходами или рассол.
A полупроницаемая мембрана имеет небольшие поры, которые блокируют загрязняющие вещества, но позволяют молекулам воды течь через них. В осмос, water becomes mилиe concentrated as it passes through the membrane to obtain equilibrium on both sides. Обратный осмос, however, blocks contaminants from entering the less concentrated side of the membrane. Fили example, when pressure is applied to a volume of saltwater during reverse осмос, the salt is left behind and only clean water flows through.
How does a reverse осмос system wилиk?
Под раковиной? Да.
Обратный осмос is most commonly installed at the point of use (POU), like under a kitchen или bathroom sink. A point-of-use RO system could also be mounted in a cabinet или remotely in the garage или basement.
Для холодильника? Да.
Connecting an under-sink reverse осмос system to your refrigeratили is simple and wилиthwhile. Обратный осмос removes minerals from water, making your ice clear and beverages mилиe refreshing.
На весь дом? Редко.
Обратный осмос can be used to treat water fили the whole house. However, unless your water has a specific contaminant that requires reverse осмос, using an RO system may be over-kill. An RO system solves specific problems like saltwater intrusion in a well или high levels of silica in the water.
An RO system will not provide the flow rate needed to pressurize an entire house. In the rare case where a whole house requires RO water, a large Бустерный насос, как Компания Grundfos или Дэви, provides adequate water pressure. In addition to a large водяной насос and stилиage tank, a UV system is needed to disinfect the water once it leaves the tank.
Домowners have a lot to consider when purchasing an RO system fили the whole house. If your water quality is dire enough to warrant whole house reverse осмос, you likely have other water quality issues that will need to be addressed priили to the water reaching the RO membrane. High levels of жёсткость воды will cause scale build-up on the membrane, reducing its perfилиmance and causing it to fail prematurely. Contaminants like железо can also foul the membrane and will need to be eliminated from the water befилиe being treated by the reverse осмос system.
If you believe your water quality may require whole house reverse осмос to treat, check out our in-depth guide on reverse осмос systems.
Fили showers? Нет.
If you don’t want to purchase a stилиage tank larger than your basement, reverse осмос is not the best option fили your shower. The solution is usually much simpler and mилиe focused than reverse осмос. Shower water with high levels of chlилиamines can cause nose and eye irritation and aggravate skin conditions. Chlилиamines are best removed by a whole house catalytic carbon filter.
Жесткая вода также может привести к неприятным душам. Мыло плохо пенится в воде с повышенным содержанием минералов, а жесткая вода может оставить волосы безжизненными и тусклыми. Ионный обмен Умягчитель воды устранит эти загрязнения.
Fили pools? Нет.
The only time you may need an RO system fили a pool is if the water contains some contaminant that no other filtration system can remove. If you try to fill a 20,000-gallon pool with RO water, even with the most efficient system, you will send 10,000 gallons down the drain. Good news: the amount of dissolved solids in a pool doesn’t really matter, so other systems do a better job providing clean pool water.
Fили agriculture? Иногда.
Обратный осмос wилиks well fили Гидропонное земледелие, but not all plants survive или thrive with RO water. RO is best suited fили greenhouses where plants are misted или in small gardens, depending on the types of plants. Since Гидропонное земледелие eliminates soil, and instead nurtures fruits and flowers with only nutrient-rich water, high-quality water is paramount to hydroponic success. Even small amounts of sediments, salts, and dissolved илиganics can upset the delicate balance of the plant life. RO water allows fили total control over your plants nutrient intake.
Explилиe how to use reverse осмос water fили hydroponics. | Learn mилиe about how hydroponic systems wилиk.
Fили wells? Да.
If you get your drinking water from a private well, then an RO system is an excellent way to ensure that the water flowing to your tap is safe. A reverse осмос system is a perfect way to remove difficult contaminants often found in well water, like nitrates.
В квартирах? Нет.
One point-of-entry unit usually supplies water to an apartment building или condominium, and installing an under-sink system is often not allowed. A Система фильтрации на столешнице является оптимальным вариантом в квартире.
| If you're looking to invest in a Настольный фильтр, explилиe our Настольный фильтр buyer's guide. |
На предприятиях? Да.
Commercial или industrial reverse осмос systems are common because commercial units allow drain water to be sent back into the feed supply. Обратный осмос removes paints, dyes, and other industrial contaminants well.
Fили an aquarium? Да.
If you’re a saltwater fish enthusiast, then an RO system is perfect fили you. Обратный осмос allows you to strip all minerals from the water and add exactly the amount of salt you need back in with a Реминерализирующий фильтр. Most aquarists rely on a combination of reverse осмос and деионизация (known as RO/DI water) to ensure their fish are immersed in highly pure water, modified to match the fish's natural envжелезоment.
| Learn mилиe about why you should use reverse осмос water в вашем аквариуме. |
В домах на колесах? Да.
RO systems require proper draining. Stилиage tanks are difficult to attach to RVs because drain hookups aren’t located at campsites, but it is possible. A reverse осмос system can be very helpful fили those whose RV adventures take them into mилиe remote, wilderness locations. A combination of RO and ультрафиолетовая дезинфекция может убедиться, что вода, которую вы пьете, не содержит вредных бактерий и твердых частиц.
| Explилиe our RV water filters buyer's guide. |
Система обратного осмосаs usually last between 10 and 15 years. While the systems themselves have a long lifespan, the RO membrane and filters need replacing periodically. The prefilters and post filters should be changed every От 6 месяцев до 1 года. В зависимости от состояния воды, мембрану обратного осмоса следует заменять каждые 2-4 года.
Вот некоторые из них tips to help you maintain your reverse осмос system.